문법 / 직설법 현재형

직설법 현재형은 지금, 오늘, 우리가 말하고 있는 순간에 일어나는 일을 묘사하기 위해 사용합니다. 또한, 자주 하는 습관을 묘사하거나 말할 때에도 사용합니다.                                         

-er 동사

• 프랑스어 동사원형의 대부분은 어미가 -er인 동사입니다.
• 구성: 어간 + 어미 e, es, e, ons, ez, ent

예: ‘passer’ 동사

Audio file play stop mute max volume     repeat   Update Required To play the media you will need to either update your browser to a recent version.	Je	passe
Audio file play stop mute max volume     repeat   Update Required To play the media you will need to either update your browser to a recent version.	Tu	passes
Audio file play stop mute max volume     repeat   Update Required To play the media you will need to either update your browser to a recent version.	Il/Elle/On	passe
Audio file play stop mute max volume     repeat   Update Required To play the media you will need to either update your browser to a recent version.	Nous	passons
Audio file play stop mute max volume     repeat   Update Required To play the media you will need to either update your browser to a recent version.	Vous	passez
Audio file play stop mute max volume     repeat   Update Required To play the media you will need to either update your browser to a recent version.	Ils/Elles	passent

예외:

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‘aller’ 동사	불규칙 동사: ‘aller’와 ‘venir’ 동사
-ger 동사(‘manger’, ‘voyager’)	‘nous’로 변형되는 경우: nous mangeons, nous voyageons.
-cer 동사(‘commencer’)	‘nous’로 변형되는 경우: nous commençons

 

-ir 동사

• 구성: 어간 + 어미 s, s, t, ons, ez, ent

예 1: ‘sortir’ 동사(예: ‘partir’, ‘dormir’)

Audio file play stop mute max volume     repeat   Update Required To play the media you will need to either update your browser to a recent version.	Je	sors
Audio file play stop mute max volume     repeat   Update Required To play the media you will need to either update your browser to a recent version.	Tu	sors
Audio file play stop mute max volume     repeat   Update Required To play the media you will need to either update your browser to a recent version.	Il/Elle/On	sort
Audio file play stop mute max volume     repeat   Update Required To play the media you will need to either update your browser to a recent version.	Nous		sortons
Audio file play stop mute max volume     repeat   Update Required To play the media you will need to either update your browser to a recent version.	Vous		sortez
Audio file play stop mute max volume     repeat   Update Required To play the media you will need to either update your browser to a recent version.	Ils/Elles		sortent

예 2: ‘finir’ 동사(예: ‘choisir’, ‘réfléchir’)  

Audio file play stop mute max volume     repeat   Update Required To play the media you will need to either update your browser to a recent version.	Je	finis
Audio file play stop mute max volume     repeat   Update Required To play the media you will need to either update your browser to a recent version.	Tu	finis
Audio file play stop mute max volume     repeat   Update Required To play the media you will need to either update your browser to a recent version.	Il/Elle/On	finit
Audio file play stop mute max volume     repeat   Update Required To play the media you will need to either update your browser to a recent version.	Nous		finissons
Audio file play stop mute max volume     repeat   Update Required To play the media you will need to either update your browser to a recent version.	Vous		finissez
Audio file play stop mute max volume     repeat   Update Required To play the media you will need to either update your browser to a recent version.	Ils/Elles		finissent

같은 방식으로 변형되는 동사들: - 어간에 -s-가 있는 동사: ‘lire’ 같은 -(u)ire 동사(tu lis, vous lisez)

-re, -dre, -ire, oir 동사 -re, -dre, -ire, oir

• 대부분의 동사는 다양한 어간을 취합니다.
• 구성: 어간 + 어미 s, s, t, ons, ez, ent

예 : ‘devoir’ 동사 

Audio file play stop mute max volume     repeat   Update Required To play the media you will need to either update your browser to a recent version.	Je	dois
Audio file play stop mute max volume     repeat   Update Required To play the media you will need to either update your browser to a recent version.	Tu	dois
Audio file play stop mute max volume     repeat   Update Required To play the media you will need to either update your browser to a recent version.	Il/Elle/On	doit
Audio file play stop mute max volume     repeat   Update Required To play the media you will need to either update your browser to a recent version.	Nous	devons
Audio file play stop mute max volume     repeat   Update Required To play the media you will need to either update your browser to a recent version.	Vous	devez
Audio file play stop mute max volume     repeat   Update Required To play the media you will need to either update your browser to a recent version.	Ils/Elles	doivent

 
예외:

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‘pouvoir’ 및 ‘vouloir’ 동사	변형 어미는 x, x, t, ons, ez, ent입니다.
‘prendre’ 동사와 그 파생 동사(‘comprendre’, ‘apprendre’)	변형 어미 -t는 ‘il/elle/on’에 적용되지 않습니다.

예: ‘pouvoir’ 동사

Audio file play stop mute max volume     repeat   Update Required To play the media you will need to either update your browser to a recent version.	Je	peux
Audio file play stop mute max volume     repeat   Update Required To play the media you will need to either update your browser to a recent version.	Tu	peux
Audio file play stop mute max volume     repeat   Update Required To play the media you will need to either update your browser to a recent version.	Il/Elle/On	peut
Audio file play stop mute max volume     repeat   Update Required To play the media you will need to either update your browser to a recent version.	Nous	pouvons
Audio file play stop mute max volume     repeat   Update Required To play the media you will need to either update your browser to a recent version.	Vous	pouvez
Audio file play stop mute max volume     repeat   Update Required To play the media you will need to either update your browser to a recent version.	Ils/Elles	peuvent

더 알아보기: pouvoir, vouloir 및 devoir 동사

예: ‘comprendre’ 동사

Audio file play stop mute max volume     repeat   Update Required To play the media you will need to either update your browser to a recent version.	Je	comprends
Audio file play stop mute max volume     repeat   Update Required To play the media you will need to either update your browser to a recent version.	Tu	comprends
Audio file play stop mute max volume     repeat   Update Required To play the media you will need to either update your browser to a recent version.	Il/Elle/On	comprend
Audio file play stop mute max volume     repeat   Update Required To play the media you will need to either update your browser to a recent version.	Nous	comprenons
Audio file play stop mute max volume     repeat   Update Required To play the media you will need to either update your browser to a recent version.	Vous	comprenez
Audio file play stop mute max volume     repeat   Update Required To play the media you will need to either update your browser to a recent version.	Ils/Elles	comprennent

더 알아보기: attendre 및 prendre 동사